Mobile Belt Conveyor

Mobile Belt Conveyor

The mobile belt conveyor is a piece of continuous conveying and loading/unloading equipment characterized by high efficiency, safe and reliable operation, and excellent mobility. Equipped with wheels (either pneumatic tires or steel wheels) at the base, it can be freely repositioned across the site as needed without the requirement for a fixed foundation, making it particularly suitable for operations where loading and unloading locations frequently change. It is capable of transporting low-abrasiveness materials—such as coal, crushed stone, sand, cement, chemical fertilizers, and grain—in powder, granular, or small-lump forms, as well as bagged goods, provided the bulk density is less than 1.67 tonnes per cubic meter. Common machine lengths include 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, and 20 meters, and the equipment supports adjustable inclination angles.

The structure of the equipment

The mobile belt conveyor primarily consists of the following major components:

(I) Main Frame: Typically constructed from steel tubing to reduce weight and enhance the equipment's mobility and portability.

(II) Travel Wheels and Swivel Casters: Pneumatic tires or steel wheels are fitted at the base for movement; some models also feature swivel casters, allowing the equipment to be repositioned freely based on material stacking locations.

(III) Lifting Mechanism: Available in electric and manual versions, this allows for the adjustment of conveying height and inclination angle to suit operational requirements.

(IV) Conveyor Belt: Serves as both the load-bearing element and the component that drives the movement of the material.

(V) Idlers, Pulleys, and Tensioning Device: Idlers support the conveyor belt; pulleys (including drive pulleys and bend pulleys) facilitate power transmission; and the tensioning device adjusts the belt's tension.

(VI) Drive System: Belt operation is powered by a motorized pulley, though some models utilize a transmission system comprising an electric motor and a gear reducer.

(VII) Electrical Control System: Includes components such as control boxes, switches, and contactors to manage the equipment's startup, shutdown, and operation.

Application scope of the equipment

Mobile belt conveyors are widely used in short-distance transport scenarios requiring frequent relocation of operations, such as at ports, terminals, railway stations, coal yards, construction sites, sand and gravel yards, warehouses, mines, and fertilizer plants. In the field of organic fertilizer production, they form part of the production line alongside equipment such as semi-wet material crushers, compost turners, granulators, dryers, coating machines, screening machines, and packaging scales. Additionally, they are suitable for the short-distance transport, loading, and unloading of materials at livestock farms and agricultural sites.

Types of usable raw materials

This equipment is capable of conveying a wide variety of materials, primarily falling into two categories: bulk materials and packaged goods. Bulk materials include coal, crushed stone, sand, cement, chemical fertilizers, grain, and ore; packaged goods consist of individual items weighing less than 100 kg. The temperature of the materials being conveyed must be below 60°C.

The working principle of the equipment

The working principle of a mobile belt conveyor involves a conveyor belt—supported by upper and lower idlers—looping around the head and tail pulleys to form a closed circuit. A drive unit provides power, transmitting it via friction between the drive pulley and the belt to drive the belt in continuous operation. Material is loaded onto the belt at the feed end, transported along with the belt, and discharged at the discharge end. The equipment is capable of conveying materials horizontally, as well as on upward or downward inclines.

Equipment operating instructions

Pre-start Preparation: Conduct a comprehensive inspection before startup. Check for conveyor belt misalignment, ensure joints are secure, verify that idler rollers rotate freely, and check for any loose fastening bolts. Inspect the travel wheels and swivel casters for damage, and ensure the lifting mechanism is functioning correctly.

Operation: Strictly adhere to the "start first, load later" principle; starting the machine while loaded is prohibited to prevent motor burnout caused by instantaneous overload. Two operating modes are available: towing and pushing. Ensure uniform material feeding during operation and avoid overloading.

Shutdown Procedure: Follow the "stop machine first, cut off feed later" principle. Before shutting down, run the machine without a load for 2–3 minutes to clear any remaining material from the belt, then disconnect the main power supply.

Equipment maintenance methods

Daily Maintenance: Clean away residual material and dust after each shift; pay special attention to the lubrication status of roller bearings and replenish grease promptly. Regularly check the conveyor belt's tracking to prevent misalignment.

Periodic Maintenance: Tighten bolts and nuts monthly to prevent loosening caused by vibration. Regularly inspect the machine's fasteners to ensure bolts and tensioning devices remain in good condition. Calibrate the pressure valves of the hydraulic lifting system quarterly. Minimize operation in humid environments or during rainy weather to prevent rust and damage to the machine body and components.

Lubrication Management: Replenish lubricating oil promptly to ensure bearings remain well-lubricated. Apply grease to conveyor belt roller bearings at regular intervals.